Manufacturing Glossary

Groschopp Manufacturing Glossary

Each industry and manufacturer has specific manufacturing terms and techniques.  We created this quick reference glossary to define manufacturing terms & acronyms specific to Groschopp and the motor/gearmotor industry. For more information on these terms or our products, contact us.

 

Term

Definition

6S Used for improving organization of the workplace, the name comes from the six steps required to implement and the words (each starting with “S”) used to describe each step: sort, set in order, scrub, safety, standardize, and sustain.
Active Work Packet (AWP) Copy of current work order and corresponding prints and instructions stapled together.
Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP) A framework of procedures and techniques used to develop products in industry.
Assembly The process of putting together two or more pieces of material to construct a product.
Auto Issue Method of issuing material to a shop order by reporting an operation.  The Business Management software system will automatically adjust inventory.
Autonomation Described as “intelligent automation” or “automation with a human touch.” If an abnormal situation arises the machine stops and the worker will stop the production line. Prevents the production of defective products, eliminates overproduction, and focuses attention on understanding the problem and ensuring that is never recurs.
Backlog The dollar value of customer orders due to be shipped.
Bar Advance The print specification for the location of a commutator connection relative to the center of its coil span within lamination slots.
Bearing Journal The shaft surface feature on which a bearing is pressed.
Bin Physical location or status of parting within a “Locations” displayed in Business Management System software.
BMS (Business Management Software) Software used by the organization to assist in collecting, processing, & disseminating information about its operations & Guide the related decision making.
BOM (Bill of Materials) Business Management software generated list of the component items, parts, or materials that go into a parent item/assembly.
Bottleneck A facility, function, department, or resource whose capacity is less than the demand.
CAD (Computer-Aided-Design) Software used to help design and/or engineer a part or project with the use of computers.
CAD/CAM Much like CAD, it is software designed to assist in designing parts a projects in 3-D.
Cause and Effect Diagram A problem-solving tool used to establish relationships between effects and multiple causes.
Cellular Manufacturing When equipment and workstations are situated to accommodate small-lot production.  This set-up allows for fast communication and feedback between operators and also allow multiple tasks to be performed quickly.
Changeover As used in manufacturing from time to time from when the last “good” piece comes off of a machine until the first “good” piece of the next product is made on that machine.  Includes warm up, first piece inspection, and adjustments.
C/N (Change Number) Number format in chronological order of all change notices issued by Engineering.
CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Is used in programming and carrying out a process using previously designed instructions.  The programmed numerical control manages the process of action in a specific case and carries out specific commands.
Closed Slot Desired condition of the commutator slot after slot fusing.  Commutator copper is displaced to cover the wire and hold it in place.
Coil Forming Radius and direction of arc in relation to start and finish of coil winding to facilitate coil placement in the filed stack.
Comm Line-Up The relationship of the commutator bar or mica relative to the limitation slot.
Concentricity A specification which requires the center of a feature to be within certain limits of a specified axis.
Consignment Material Material received under the provision that payment is expected only on usage and that unused items may be returned to the one consigning.
Constraint Any element of factor that prevents a system from achieving a higher level of performance with respect to its goal.
COP (Customer Order Processing) The process where the Sales department enters customer orders into the Business Management software system.
Counter-bore The section of a hole that has been enlarged cylindrically for a specific depth.
Counter-sink The section of a hole that has been enlarged conically at the end to a specific size.
Cpk A process capability index used to determine to what percentage a process is capable.
Customer Supplied Material Material the customer supplies that the manufacturer does not pay for.
Cutting Speed This measure of speed typically gauges the velocity of the method of cutting travels. A common formula for cutting speed is SFM, which stands for surface feet per minute.
CWP (Completed Work Packet) Copy of completely shipped order and corresponding prints and instructions stapled together.
Cycle Time The time from the beginning to the end of a process or operation.
DCR (Design Change Request) A form sent to Engineering specifying the changes requested of needed to a specific design.
Design Changes A product revision of new product that uses engineering design practices and manufacturing processes within the manufacturer’s current capabilities.
Design Specification Review (DSR) A form used by the Engineering Department to review prints with suppliers.
Design Verification(Validation) Plan & Report (DVP&R) A form used by the Engineering Department to plan for and report Verification and Validation on a project.
Deviation Written authorization for a product or process to depart for the manufacturer’s internal requirements for a specified time or quantity, provided the changes does not compromise customer requirements.  May also be used to authorize a departure from customer requirements with customer approval.
Drilling A process in machining that uses a rotating drill bit to create a round hole in a part.  This is usually the first step in machining operations; other additional methods may follow to create a cleaner hole.
ECN (Engineering Change Notice) The approval and routing notice for all changes to engineering drawings.
EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) A slow machining process that removes material from a part in very small sections.
EDR (Engineering Drawing Release) Document advising release of drawings for a new product.
Electrical Clearance The distance required, as stated on the drawing, from all live wire to any accessible metal wither over another surface or through the air.
Endmilling This machining process uses a cutter that is supported on a machine’s spindle instead of an arbor.
Engineering Drawing Exact specification for producing a particular part.
EPA (Electrostatic Discharge Protective Area) An area where precautions are made to prevent ESD damage by limiting the buildup of static electricity and by keeping charge materials away from0 ESDS devices.
ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) The sudden flow of electricity when two objects that have different charges come into contact with each other. ESD in manufacturing is most often caused by static electricity.
ESDS (Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive) Describes an electronic device that is susceptible to being damaged by ESD. Damaged components may immediately fail or may have latent damage which is undetectable at final test, but can affect the lifespan of the product.
Feed Rate The speed at which the cutting head moves.
Fishbone Diagram A chart that resembles a fish skeleton, with a main spine and branches (bones) drawn at a slant off the spine; sued for quality control in two main ways.

  1. As a cause-and-effect diagram, where the spine denotes an effect and the branches are cause factors.
  2. As a subdivision of quality requirements, where the spine represents a quality objective and the branches describe subsidiary traits or measurements that are important but are not the end in themselves. (Sometimes referred to as a Reverse Fishbone.)
Finished Products This items on which all manufacturing operations, including final test, have been completed.  These products are available for shipment to the customer as either end items or repair parts.
Finishing Used to buff or polish the surface, edge, and/or corner of a part by using one or more of the many different forms.
Five Whys The practice of asking “why” five times whenever a problem is encountered; repeated questioning helps identify the root cause of a problem so that effective countermeasures can be developed and implemented.
Flow Achieve value creating steps with minimal inventory with no stoppages or backflows of product, information, or services.
Flow Cell A logical, efficient, and usually physically self-contained arrangement of supplies, equipment, and personnel to complete a service sequence; a flow cell enables visual management, simple flow, standard work, transparency, and tight connections.
Gear Cutting Often performed by using numerous different methods including milling, broaching, hobbing.
Grinding A machining process that is used to shape materials that are too hard to be worked with conventional tools.
HBM (Human Body Model) A model used to characterize the susceptibility of an electronic device to ESD damage.  ESDS devices are classified by the human body model based on the minimum amount of voltage that causes the device to fail.
High Speed Machining (HSM) Uses technology to process materials using higher feed rates and higher RPM to provide a more efficient method of tooling.
ID (Inside Diameter) The length of a line which passes through the center of a hollow cylindrical or spherical object, and whose end points lie on the inner surface of the object.
IOV (Input, Output, Verification & Validation) A document that may be used to capture the elements of design control on a development project in the Engineering Department.
JIT (Just-In-Time) What is needed (sold), when it is needed, in the amount needed.
JSWI (Job Specific Work Instructions) A detailed explanation of how to do a specific job along with training requirements for that job.
Kaizen A Japanese term meaning “change for the better”.  Applied to business organizations, it implies continuing improvement involving everyone.
Kanban A card or sheet used to authorize production of movement of an item; when fully implemented, kanban (the plural is the same as the singular) operate according to the following rules:

  1. All production and movement of parts and material takes place only as required by a downstream operation.
  2. The specific tool which authorizes production or movement is called kanban. The word literally means card or sign, but is can legitimately refer to a container or other authorizing device.
  3. The quantity authorized per kanban is minimal, ideally one. The number of available kanban for an item is determined by the demand rate for the item and the time required to replenish.
Key Performance Indicators (KPI) A method of tracking or monitoring the progress of existing daily management systems.
Knurl A series of small diamond shaped or straight impressions pressed into a metal surface usually used to create a press fit between tow cylindrical features.
Lead-time A span of time required to perform a process, or series of operations to convert raw material to a finished quality part.
Lathe A piece of machinery, or equipment, that is computer controlled to machine round stock.  This process is known in the industry as turning.
Lean Manufacturing An act of continuous improvement within a business to be environmentally responsible by reducing the seven wastes often occurring in manufacturing.  These include over-production, waiting time, transportation, processing, inventory, motion, and scrap.  By eliminating waste; the quality, cost, and production time can all be reduced when manufacturing a part(s).
Line Balancing Equalizing cycle times (productive capacity, assuming 100% capacity utilization) for relatively small units of the manufacturing process, through proper assignment of workers and machines; ensures smooth production flow.
Machinability The extent to which a metal can be machined successfully.
Machining The process of cutting, shaping, or otherwise changing physical properties about a material.  This includes metal cutting, milling, drilling, tapping and others.
Machine Cycle Time The time it takes for an individual piece of equipment to complete its functions to produce a quality part independent of the operator’s unloading and loading time.
Manual Issue Method of issuing material to a shop order prior to usage by production, typically by warehouse personnel prior to delivery to the production floor.
Metalworking Basically can be defined as changing a part by giving it a new shape, this includes processes such as heat-treating, material handling, and more.
Material Review Board A team of employees appointed by the President to monitor scrap records for the purpose of initiating appropriate corrective action and communicating improvements throughout the company.
Method The way operations are done within a process.
MIF (Motor Information Form) Form used to evaluate samples from a customer or a design from a potential customer.
Move Ticket A ticket used for additional identifications of material moving between departments.
MRP (Material Requirements Planning) Business Management software generated report shoeing the material requirements based on customer orders; used by the Purchasing department so they know what to order.
Muda A traditional general Japanese term for activity that is wasteful and doesn’t add value or is unproductive. Removing waste is an effective way to increase profitability.
New Design New product requiring manufacturing processes and/or engineering design practices outside the manufacturer’s current capabilities or new product having complex customer requirements.
Non-Value Added Activities that consume resources but create no value in the eyes of the customer.
Obsolete Part Number An item master part number that is deemed to hold no sales potential is removed from the Item Master and Bill of Materials and part physically disposed of.
Operation Tracking Card Cards used to track and identify parts through the production process including information like:  shop order number, part number, shop order quantity, operation number, clock number and date.
OD (Outer Diameter) The dimension form a round part that measures straight through the center.
Perishable Part Any product that has a limited useful life. Perishable parts will be marked with an expiration date.
Planned Order Report Guidelines of productive material needs generated by Material Requirements Planning (MRP).
Point of use The condition in which all supplies are within arm’s reach and positioned in the sequence in which they are sued to prevent extra reaching, lifting, straining, turning, and twisting.
Poka-Yoke A Japanese expression meaning ‘common or simple, mistake proof’. A method of preventing errors by putting limits on how an operation can be performed in order to force the correct completion of the operation.
PO (Purchase Order) A form sent to suppliers specifying part number, exact product description, engineering specifications, terms and conditions for productive material being purchased.
Precision Machining Machining and measuring to exact specifications. This includes four basic areas to consider; dimensions, limits, tolerances, and allowances.
Print Reading Manufacturer’s training course on how to interpret and understand the manufacturer’s engineering drawings.
Process A series of operations or actions used to achieve a result.
Process Capability A measure of the performance of any process as compared to its requirements.
Process Control The identification and elimination of special causes of variation.
Process Map A visual representation of the sequential flow of a process.  Used as a tool in problem solving, this technique makes opportunities for improvement apparent.
Product An item that is a result of a value added process. Includes in-process items, sub-assemblies, and finished goods.
Pull Principle the no one upstream function or department should produce a good or service until the customer downstream asks for it
Pull Stream A manufacturing planning system based on communication of actual real-time needs from downstream operations – ultimately final assembly of the equivalent – as opposed to a push system which schedules upstream operations according to theoretical downstream results based on a plan which may not be current.
Punching Process of putting holes into a piece of sheet metal using a die and punch.
Rapid Prototyping Takes computer aided design (CAD) files and is able to manipulate them to fit accordingly onto a section of material.
Ream The process of enlarging a hole to an accurate size and consistent finish.
R&R (Repeatability & Reproducibility) Studies done to determine how measurements found repeat themselves and how well they can be reproduced by different personnel.
Repeatability The capability of a machine to be able to meet a certain accuracy time and time again.
Rework Labor or Material required, other than standard, to ensure product meets customer requirements or expectations.
RFC (Request for Costing) A formal process typically involving the Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Purchasing, Accounting, and Sales departments to establish the screen price for a product.
Root Cause The ultimate reason for an event or condition.
Routing Sheets Generated form Business Management software showing the sequence of operations on the production floor.
Run-in-Board A unit on which motors are mounted and run at a controlled speed.
Run Chart A graphic representation of a characteristic of a process, showing plotted values of some statistic gathered from that characteristic, a central line, specification limits, and where applicable one or two control limits.  Used as a judgment to determine if a process has been operating in statistical control and to aid in maintaining statistical control.
Sample A stock motor with known performance and standard options, sent to a potential customer for evaluation.
Safety Stock A quantity of stock planned to be in inventory to protect against fluctuations in demand or supply.
Scrap Product that is not salvageable
Scratch Wire Insulation has been removed from magnet wire down to bare magnet wire.
Short Paper The location of length of insulation paper is insufficient to maintain required electrical clearances.
Serial Number The unique identification number assigned to each motor for traceability and warranty.
Shop Floor The production floor.
Shop Order The electronic document driving production activities which includes:  the BOM, routing, and any special notes.
Special Processes (1) A special process is one where the results of the process cannot be verified by subsequent inspection or testing of the product and where the processing deficiencies may become apparent only after the product is in use.(2) Processes carried out by qualified operators.
Splice The physical connection of one material to another.
Splice Connection Using a splice connector to connect a magnet wire to a lead wire or another magnet wire.
Stainless Steels High strength, heat resistant, steel alloys that contain a minimum of 10% chromium content by mass.  These steel alloys range from soft Austenitic (SST 201-374) to Ferritic (SST 405 to 446), Martensitic (SST 403 to 440C) and heat resisting (SST 501 to 502).
Standard Work in Progress The minimum amount of material or a given product, which must be in process at any time to insure proper flow of the operation.
Statistical Process Control (SPC) The statistical techniques used to measure the performance of processes.
Stress (insulation paper) Paper is beginning to tear, but still maintains sufficient insulation properties to meet electrical clearance requirements.
Supplier A person or company providing products or services.
Surface Finish A measure of smoothness of a surface.
Takt Time The rate at which a completed product needs to be finished in order to meet customer demand.
Time and Motion Analysis The study of the motions and the time required to perform a specific operation or task with a view to seeking more efficient methods of production as well as setting time standards.
TOC (Theory of Constraints) Based on the fact that, like a chain with its weakest link, in any complex system at any point in time, there is most often only one aspect of that system that is limiting its ability to achieve more of its goal.  For that system to attain any significant improvement the constraint must be identified and the whole system must be managed with it in mind.
Tool Crib Caged in area used to store tools and supplies.
True Position The usually cylindrical zone within which the centerline of the specified feature must lie.  The centerline is constructed from the actual mating size (maximum inscribed of minimum circumscribed diameter) of the feature.
Value Stream The set of all activities, both value added and non-value added, required to bring a product from raw material into the arms of the customer.
Value Stream Analysis The identification of all the specific activities occurring along the value stream, represented pictorially in a value stream map; see waste, unevenness, and overburden, size the opportunity, share the vision, communicate visually, permission to change, predict results.
Voice of the Customer The desires and expectations of the customer, which are of primary importance in the development of new products, services, and the daily conduct of the business.
White Board A communication and problem solving tool on the production floor.
Winding Tension The controlled pressure (resistance to winder puller) exerted on magnet wire being wound, measured in ounces or pounds, in order to create a consistent, neat, compact coil.
WIP (Work in Progress) Product of products in various stages of completion throughout the manufacturing plant, including all material from raw material that has been released for initial processing up to completely processed material awaiting final inspection and acceptance as finished product.

How to use the Motor Search Tool

Narrow your search by selecting motor type, gearbox, voltage, and phase options for your desired motor.

Select a dominant variable: choose one of the three parameters to narrow your search. The selected variable determines which slider bar you will be able to manually move.

Use the slider corresponding to your dominant variable to further narrow your motor selection. The other sliders will automatically move to show available ranges based on the range of your selected variable.

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Note: Groschopp Universal motors are custom built to fit your application so no additional options are available to narrow the search. Selecting the Universal motor type will prompt a message taking you to the Universal product page.

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Universal Motors

Groschopp Universal motors are custom built to fit your application so no additional options are available to narrow the search. Standard frame sizes and motor features can be found on the Universal page.

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